Cervical and Lumbar Disc Disease

Cervical and Lumbar Disc Disease

Normal disc
Normal disc

A disc consists of a soft nucleus pulposus surrounded by a tough, elastic annulus fibrosus. Poor posture, injury, or degenerative change can cause the annulus to tear, allowing the inner nucleus to protrude and compress a nerve or provoke severe surrounding inflammation. This can produce a range of symptoms caused by disc damage.
In severe cases this may be accompanied by neurological emergencies such as difficulty walking or bladder and bowel dysfunction, so prompt diagnosis and treatment may be necessary.

Check the main symptoms of cervical disc disease

Persistent PainPersistent pain at the back of the neck or between the shoulder blades
Radiating Pain · NumbnessPain radiating into the arm or hand when moving the neck or shoulder, with numbness or altered sensation
Worse with MovementPain that worsens with neck movement, or a feeling of stiffness
Hand WeaknessWeakening grip, with difficulty holding objects or performing fine tasks
With Headache · DizzinessNeck pain accompanied by headache, dizziness, or reduced balance

Check the main symptoms of lumbar disc disease

Persistent PainPersistent low back or buttock pain that worsens with movement or change of posture
Radiating PainPain radiating from the low back into the buttock and leg
Numbness · Altered SensationNumbness, tingling, or reduced sensation in the leg or foot, usually on one side
Leg WeaknessLeg weakness, with difficulty walking or lifting the ankle
Worse with Posture · WalkingPain that worsens with prolonged sitting or bending forward, and difficulty standing or walking for long periods

In disc disease, surgery is rarely necessary

Except when limb weakness is severe enough to prevent normal daily activity or walking, or when spinal cord compression is severe enough to impair bladder or bowel function, most cases can be treated without surgery.

From diagnosis to treatment — here is how it works

High-resolution cervical or lumbar MRI identifies which disc level is damaged and shows the underlying spinal structure. Nerve conduction and EMG studies pinpoint exactly which nerve is compressed, and with that information most patients can expect improvement with non-surgical treatment.
At our clinic we select only what is needed from epidural nerve block, selective nerve root injection, intradiscal anti-inflammatory treatment, medication, and physical therapy and proceed step by step.

  1. History & Physical Examination

    In most cases, history-taking together with physical examination is sufficient.

  2. MRI if needed

    MRI is added when symptoms are severe or a precise diagnosis is required.

  3. Nerve Conduction & EMG

    May be needed to rule out other conditions or to determine the exact level and severity of nerve root compression.

  4. Medication & Rehabilitation Therapy

  5. Nerve Block · Anti-inflammatory Treatment

    When pain is severe enough to hinder rehabilitation and recovery, nerve block and peri-discal anti-inflammatory treatment may be considered.

※ This is general medical information provided for understanding only. Actual diagnosis and treatment are determined by a specialist after examination, based on the individual patient's condition.

Advanced Equipment

  • SIEMENS3T AI MRIWe add AI imaging (Deep Resolve) to a proven Siemens 3T MRI to examine neurological conditions faster and more clearly.
  • MRACerebrovascular and carotid MRAIt accurately evaluates the degree of atherosclerosis, stenosis, structural abnormality, and the presence of aneurysm in the vessels of the brain and neck.
  • Carotid USCarotid UltrasoundCarotid wall thickness and plaque are examined to assess stroke risk.
  • NCS / EMGNerve conduction studiesNerves in the arms, legs, and face are safely stimulated electrically and the responses recorded, establishing whether peripheral nerve damage is present and how severe it is.
  • EPEvoked potential testBy safely stimulating the visual and auditory pathways electrically, damage to the cranial nerves can be identified.
  • EEGAI digital EEGBeyond the conventional identification of epileptiform waveforms, quantitative EEG with the latest AI software aids in assessing brain function in headache, anxiety, and depression.
  • VNGVideo nystagmographyBy recording and analyzing involuntary eye movement on video, this test is useful for distinguishing dizziness disorders such as BPPV and Meniere's disease.
  • HRV / SSRAutonomic Function TestEquipment that objectively assesses the balance between the body's sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves.
  • PWV / ABIArterial elasticity testingBy measuring vessel elasticity and the degree of atherosclerosis, it readily assesses the risk of circulatory disturbance and cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease.
  • Wearable ECG/BPWearable cardiac function testingA micro-sensor continuously analyzes blood pressure and ECG over 24 hours to identify cardiac dysfunction capable of causing a stroke.
  • SNSB / CERADNeuropsychological testingIt distinguishes simple forgetfulness from dementia and objectively evaluates cognitive function including memory.
  • LABBlood and genetic testingWe identify risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, including dyslipidemia, and look for high-risk dementia genes in advance so that prevention can begin.